The Lindisfarne Gospel 700AD

Illuminated Manuscripts from the medieval period are all hand made and hand written, predominantly on parchment paper or vellum; made from goats' skin. The books comprise of illuminated pages, biblical narratives and historiated initials - which are highly decorated at the start of each page. The illuminated sections of the book and are elaborate, often decorated with gold leaf and colours from exotic plants such as lapis lazuli.
Illuminated Manuscript

The Juste Milieu art movement, meaning 'happy middle,' is a term to describe a painting philosophy which sought to make amends between the two dominant art movements in France at the time; namely the  Impressionist movement and the artists who continued with the Academic Style. Trying to combine the best aspects of the two art forms. The key artists of this group were able to mix with the Impressionists for exhibitions, but also those who continued with 'academism'.Juste Milieu art movement - Definition

A term commonly used to describe the more extreme styles of art that were in reaction to the traditional European conception of art as the imitation of nature and heightening of its beauty, during the 20th century.

Abstract Art, can be viewed in two distinct, yet contradictory tendencies:

The first is, that abstract art is the reduction of natural appearances to simplify shapes and forms within the composition.

The second notion of abstract art is, creation of art objects in nondescript, non-representational forms.Abstract Art